What is locking, advantages of locking and types of locking in oracle?

What is locking, advantages of locking and types of locking in oracle?

Answer
Locking protect table when several users are accessing the same table. Locking is a concurrency control technique in oracle. It helps in data integrity while allowing maximum concurrency access to data. Oracle offers automatic locking whenever situation requires. This is called implicit locking.
Types of locking
Shared Lock
This type is placed on a record when the record is being viewed.
Exclusive lock
This is placed when Insert, Update or Delete command is performed. There can be only one exclusive lock on a record at a time.

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What are background processes in oracle?

Answer
Oracle uses background process to increase performance.
Database writer, DBWn
Log Writer, LGWR
Checkpoint, CKPT
System Monitor, SMON
Process Monitor, PMON
Archiver, ARCn