#16
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Bipolar disorder
Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder, wherein the affected person experiences extreme changes in mood, energy, concentration, activity levels and the ability to perform their daily tasks. The mood changes range from periods of depression (feelings of hopelessness, sadness or indifference) to mania (energised, irritable or elated behaviour). The condition can occur in adults as well as in children and adolescents. However, the average age of onset is estimated to be about 25 years. Mood fluctuations in individuals with bipolar disorder can affect their relationship with loved ones, friends and colleagues. Early identification of the condition, following the prescribed treatment plan and maintaining a healthy lifestyle can help individuals with bipolar disorder lead a normal life. Bipolar disorder is also known by other names, such as, bipolar affective disorder, bipolar mood disorder, manic-depressive illness, manic-depressive disorder and manic depression. |
#17
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Appendicitis
For years, the appendix was credited with very little function. But now there is adequate evidence that the appendix serves an important role in the fetus and in young adults. Specific cells which appear in the appendix of the human fetus at around the 11th week of the developmental stage have been shown to produce various essential compounds that control biological mechanisms in the developing baby. Among adult humans also, the appendix is now thought to be involved in some immune functions. Appendicitis is the inflammation and swelling of the appendix, a small tube like structure protruding from the large intestine. It occurs when the appendix gets blocked with stool or foreign particles passing through the intestine. Blockage may cause infection which results in painful swelling of the appendix. ‘If left alone, the appendix does not cause any problems,’ says Dr Kukreja. |